House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi
The Republican Party was founded in 1854 and throughout the party’s existence has supported the freedoms and civil rights for blacks. While the Democrats poised to defend their economic base of black slaves, the Republicans fought to break the shackles of 246 years of indentured servitude. Republican President Abraham Lincoln was ridiculed by Democrats, as he put an end to slavery, by establishing the Emancipation of Proclamation. Republicans were successful in passing the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendment granting blacks’ freedom, citizenship, and the right to vote. Since the end of the Civil war, blacks represented both the Congress and House of Representatives as Republicans, beginning with Congressman Hiram Rhodes Revels of Mississippi and House of Representative Joseph Rainey of South Carolina in 1870.
In opposing the civil rights movement and progress among minorities, Democrats fought Reconstruction, and revitalized the Klu Klux Klan in 1866 to terrorize black and white Republicans. The Democrats instituted the Black Codes, limiting the liberties of freed slaves and guaranteeing a supply of modest agricultural labor. The Black Code served as a predecessor to the Jim Crow laws, also known as segregation.
Republicans fought for nearly six decades to achieve civil rights legislation in the 1950’s and 1960’s. Democratic President Johnson’s signing of the 1964 Civil Rights Act into law, overshadowed the leadership of Republican Senate Minority Leader Everett McKinley Dirksen, who actually supplied the necessary votes for passage.
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